Objective To explore the association of endometriosis（EMT）with serum soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor ⁃1（sFLT1）and C1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein 3（CTRP3）. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 EMT patients（EMT group）admitted to Jingdezhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital. According to r⁃AFS staging，43 patients were diagnosed as stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and 37 as stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. According to the degree of dysmenorrhea，46 patients were classified as mild and 34 as moderate to severe. The control group consisted of 80 women receiving physical examinations during the same period of time. Serum levels of sFLT1 and CTRP3 were detected and analyzed in both groups The influencing factors of EMT in stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC）was applied to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum sFLT1 and CTRP3 for stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ EMT. Results Serum levels of sFLT1 and CTRP3 in the EMT group were lower than those in the control group（P < 0.05），serum sFLT1 and CTRP3 levels in moderate to severe dysmenorrhea patients were lower than those in mild dysmenorrhea patients（P < 0.05）， and serum sFLT1 and CTRP3 levels in r⁃AFS stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ were lower than those in stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ（P < 0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that serum sFLT1 and CTRP3 in EMT patients were negatively correlated with r⁃AFS staging and degree of dysmenorrhea（P < 0.05），respectively. Regression analysis showed that sFLT1 and CTRP3 were the influencing factors for stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ EMT（P < 0.05）. The AUC values of serum sFLT1 and CTRP3 in com⁃ bination with diagnosis of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ EMT were 0.811，0.832，and 0.931，respectively；the combined diagnostic efficacy was better than that of sFLT1 and CTRP3 alone. Conclusions Serum levels of sFLT1 and CTRP3 decrease in EMT patients，which are related to the degree of dysmenorrhea and r⁃AFS staging and are influencing factors for stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ EMT. sFLT1 combined with CTRP3 is helpful in the assessment of r⁃AFS stage.